• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    drain mast, and, method for making a drain mast. a drain mast includes a first fairing body defining a first fairing wall and a first drain portion. a second fairing body defines a second fairing wall and a second drain portion. the first and second fairing bodies are joined together as a fairing with the first and second fairing walls as opposing outer fairing walls, and with the first and second drain portions joined to form a drain passage through the fairing from a drain pass inlet to a drain pass outlet.
    公开号:BR102014023089B1
    申请号:R102014023089-0
    申请日:2014-09-17
    公开日:2022-01-11
    发明作者:Charles A. Lee；Kyle H. Deiwert；Michael J. Giamati
    申请人:Goodrich Corporation；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED ORDERS
    [0001] This application claims the priority benefit of Provisional Patent Application US 61/879,449, filed September 18, 2013, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. FUNDAMENTALS OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of Invention
    [0002] The present disclosure relates to drains, and more particularly to drain masts, as used to drain liquids from inside an aircraft to the outside of the aircraft. 2. Description of the Related Technique
    [0003] An aircraft drain mast, whether for water, fuel or other liquids, projects from the fuselage into the air stream far enough that the discharged medium is swept cleanly away so that it does not stick back on the aircraft. For example, a drain mast can be used to drain condensation and/or leaking fuel from the inner to outer pipe gap in a double-walled fuel line. The geometry and size of the drain mast, eg height, width, length and airfoil shape, contribute to drag components which are items to be minimized to maximize fuel consumption and range. Many conventional drain masts are constructed with full length tubes and can require significant effort to repair a damaged tube, such as disassembling the mast with subsequent reassembly, repainting and retesting.
    [0004] Such conventional methods and systems have generally been found satisfactory for their intended purpose. However, there is still a need in the art for improved drain masts and methods for making drain masts. The present disclosure provides a solution to these problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0005] A drain mast includes a first fairing body defining a first fairing wall and a first drain portion. A second fairing body defines a second fairing wall and a second drain portion. The first and second fairing bodies are joined together as a fairing with the first and second fairing walls as opposing outer fairing walls, and with the first and second drain portions joined to form a drain passage through the fairing from a drain pass inlet to a drain pass outlet.
    [0006] According to certain embodiments, the first drain portion includes a first drain channel, the second drain portion includes a second drain channel, and the first and second drain channels are joined together defining the drain passage between the drains. same. Opposing outer fairing walls can define an airfoil from a leading edge of the fairing to a trailing edge of the fairing, and opposing outer fairing walls can be joined together at a seam along the leading and trailing edges of the fairing. . An inlet nipple may be connected in fluid communication with the inlet of the drain passage. The first fairing body may include a first mounting flange portion, the second fairing body may include a second mounting flange portion, and the first and second mounting flange portions may be joined together as an encircling mounting flange. the inlet of the drain passage to mount the fairing to an aircraft.
    [0007] It is contemplated that the first and second fairing bodies may be substantially symmetrical through a plane defined by a seam where the first and second fairing bodies are joined together. The first and second fairing bodies may be non-metallic, for example fiberglass, and may be joined together by an adhesive, for example epoxy. A portion of the first fairing body may include a groove, and a portion of the second fairing body may include a tongue engaged with the groove of the first fairing body.
    [0008] In certain embodiments, the fairing defines opposing leading and trailing edges, where a first void is defined within the fairing between the drain passage and the leading edge, and where a second void is defined within the fairing between the drain passage and the trailing edge. The first void may be in fluid communication with a space external to the fairing through a vent defined in the fairing. Similarly, the second void may be in fluid communication with a space external to the fairing through a vent defined in the fairing.
    [0009] A method of making a drain mast includes joining a first fairing body as described above to a second fairing body as described above to form a fairing. The method may further include attaching an inlet nipple to the fairing in fluid communication with the inlet of the drain passage. Joining the first fairing body to the second fairing body may include applying an adhesive to at least one of the first and second drain portions, and adhering the first and second fairing bodies together with the adhesive.
    [00010] These and other features of the systems and methods of the subject disclosure will become more readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [00011] So that those skilled in the art to which the subject disclosure pertains will readily understand how to make and use the devices and methods of the subject disclosure without undue experimentation, preferred embodiments thereof will be described in detail below in this document with reference to certain figures, where:
    [00012] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a drain mast constructed in accordance with the present disclosure, showing the drain passage exit from the drain mast fairing;
    [00013] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the drain mast of Fig. 1 showing the inlet nipple attached to the inlet of the drain passage;
    [00014] Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of a first fairing body of the fairing of Fig. 1 showing the interior of the fairing including the first portion of the drain passage, with the second drain body removed;
    [00015] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional side elevation view of another exemplary embodiment of an inlet nipple for use with the drain mast of Fig. 1 showing an angled conduit;
    [00016] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional side elevation view of another exemplary embodiment of an inlet nipple for use with the drain mast of Fig. 1 showing a conduit with sealing elements at the inlet end thereof;
    [00017] Fig. 6 is an extreme elevational cross-sectional view of a portion of the drain mast of Fig. 1 taken in the corresponding cross-section indicated in Fig. 3 showing the tongue and groove engagement of the first and second bodies of fairing;
    [00018] Fig. 7 is an exploded cross-sectional extreme elevation view of a portion of the drain mast of Fig. 1 taken in the corresponding cross-section indicated in Fig. 3 showing the tongue and groove engagement of the first and second fairing bodies; and
    [00019] Fig. 8 is an extreme view of the inlet nipple of Fig. 3 showing the end flange with anti-rotation planes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES
    [00020] Reference will now be made to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals identify similar structural features or aspects of the disclosure in question. For purposes of explanation and illustration, and not limitation, a partial view of an exemplary embodiment of the drain mast according to the disclosure is shown in Fig. 1 and is generally designated by the reference character 100. Other embodiments of drain masts are according to the disclosure, or aspects thereof, are provided in Figs. 2-7, as will be described. The systems and methods described in this document can be used to provide improved drain masts, for example, in aerospace applications.
    [00021] Drain mast 100 includes a first fairing body 102 defining a first fairing wall 104 and a first drain portion 106 (first fairing wall 104 and first fairing portion 106 are defined in Fig. 3) . A second fairing body 108 defines a second fairing wall 110 and a second drain portion 112. Referring to Fig. 2, the first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108 are joined together as a fairing 114 with the first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108. the second fairing walls 104 and 110 forming opposing outer fairing walls, and with the first and second drain portions 106 and 112 joined to form a drain passage 116 (indicated in Fig. 3) through the fairing of a drain inlet. drain passage 118 to a drain passage outlet 120.
    [00022] The first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108 are substantially symmetrical through a plane defined by a seam 124 where the first and second fairing bodies are joined together. Various portions of seam 124 are indicated in each of Figs. 1-3. Opposing outer fairing walls, i.e., first and second fairing walls 104 and 110, define an airfoil from a leading edge 126 of fairing 114 to a trailing edge 128 of fairing 114. Seam 124 includes portions where the walls of opposing outer fairings are joined together along leading and trailing edges 126 and 128 of fairing 114. First fairing body 102 includes a first mounting flange portion 130, and second fairing body 108 includes a second mounting flange portion 132. The first and second mounting flange portions 130 and 132 are joined together as a mounting flange surrounding the inlet of the drain passage 118, and may be used to mount the fairing on an aircraft, for example. example, using fasteners on the wires shown in mounting flange portions 130 and 132 in Figs. 1 and 2.
    [00023] Referring now to Fig. 3, the first fairing body 102 is shown without the second fairing body 108 to show the internal structure. The first drain portion 106 includes a first drain channel defined by the side walls 122 of the first drain portion 106, and the bottom of the channel which includes the portion of the first fairing wall 104 between the side walls 122. drain 112 includes a second drain channel with the same general channel structure, but in mirror symmetry, as shown in Fig. 3 for the first drain portion 106. When joined together as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the first and second drain channels are joined to define the complete drain passage 116 therebetween. Unlike conventional designs where the drain is provided as a separate tube mounted in a fairing, the drain passage 116 is formed integral with the fairing walls when the first and second fairing portions 102 and 108 are joined together.
    [00024] An inlet nipple 134 is connected in fluid communication with the inlet of the drain passage 118. The inlet nipple 134 includes a straight conduit 136. The mounting gland for the inlet nipple 134 is part of the first and second fairing portions 102 and 108. The inlet nipple 134 is connected to the first and second fairing portions 102 and 108, and these three components become one solid piece. As shown in Fig. 8, the inlet nipple 134 includes an end flange with flats 138. The inlet mounting gland 118 includes a double d-frame, wherein the flat sides, i.e., anti-rotation clamps 139, thereof are substantially equal to the tube diameter of the inlet nipple 134. The planes 138 and clamps 139 cooperate to resist any rotational loads on the inlet nipple 134 to minimize the chance of breakage of the connection. Fig. 4 shows another exemplary embodiment of an inlet nipple 234 that can be used in place of inlet nipple 134. Inlet nipple 234 is similar to inlet nipple 134 except that conduit 236 is bent. Fig. 5 shows yet another exemplary inlet nipple 334 similar to the inlet nipple 134, except that conduit 336 has a different type of interface 337, wherein the sealing elements are at the inlet end of conduit 336. inlet 134, 234 and 334 of Figs. 3-5 are shown to demonstrate the interchangeability of inlet nipples used with drain mast 100. This may allow drain mast 100 to be adapted to connect to any suitable drain interface, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that any another suitable type of inlet nipple may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Inlet nipples 134, 234 and 334 may be made of epoxy filled with G-10 fiberglass, for example, or any other suitable material.
    [00025] With continued reference to Fig. 3, a first void 140 is defined within the fairing 114 between the drain passage 116 and the leading edge 126, with portions of the first and second fairing walls 104 and 110 and the flange also connecting the void 140. A second void 142 is defined within the fairing 114 between the drain passage 116 and the trailing edge 128, with portions of the first and second fairing walls 104ell0 and the mounting flange also connecting the void 142 The first void 140 is in fluid communication with the space external to the fairing 114 through a vent 144 defined in the fairing 114. Similarly, the second void 142 is in fluid communication with the space external to the fairing 114 through a ventilation 146 defined in the fairing. Vents 144 and 146 allow voids 140 and 142 to equalize pressure when fairing 114 is exposed to varying external pressures, as in an aircraft ascending and descending.
    [00026] Referring now to Fig. 6, the cross section 6-6 of the drain mast 100 shown in Fig. 3 is shown. A portion of the first fairing body 102 includes a groove 148, and a portion of the second fairing body 108 includes a tongue 150 engaged with the groove 148. Tongue and groove 148 and 150 substantially surround the void 142, as indicated in Fig. 3 A similar tongue and groove substantially surrounds the void 140. The tongue and groove elements of the first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108 are an exception to their substantial mirror symmetry, and this configuration provides relative slip resistance of the first and of the second fairing bodies 102 and -108 during assembly, as well as shear strength along the seam 124 when the drain mast 100 is fully assembled.
    [00027] Referring now to Fig. 7, the cross section 7-7 of the drain mast 100 shown in Fig. 3 is shown with the first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108 shown apart. Also schematically shown is the adhesive 152 used to join the first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108. It is contemplated that the first and second fairing bodies 102 and 108 may be entirely non-metallic, for example, compression molded using a sheet molding compound (SMC), Michigan, and that adhesive 152 may be a structural grade epoxy, for example. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that these materials are exemplary only and that any other suitable materials and joining techniques may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. For example, it is possible that a metal fairing may be constructed in accordance with this disclosure in which the joining is performed by brazing. However, for the following description of an assembly method, the exemplary context of fiberglass and epoxy is used.
    [00028] An exemplary method for making a drain mast, e.g., the drain mast 100, includes attaching a first fairing body, for example, the first fairing body 102 as described above, to a second fairing body, for example for example the second fairing body 108 as described above to form a fairing, for example the fairing 114 described above. An inlet nipple, for example the inlet nipples 134, 234 and 334 described above, may be joined to the fairing in fluid communication with the inlet of the drain passage, for example the inlet of the drain passage 118. from the first fairing body to the second fairing body may include applying an adhesive, for example adhesive 152 which may be an epoxy, to at least one of the first and second drain portions, and adhering the first and second bodies of fairing together with the sticker. Joining the fairing bodies in this way forms a pressure-tight, fluid-tolerant drainage tube flow path, e.g., the drain passage 116 is pressure-tight with respect to voids 140 and 142, and is pressure-tight. along its length from the inlet of drain passage 118 to the outlet of drain passage 120.
    [00029] In particular, the epoxy can be applied to the tongue and groove portions of the first and second fairing bodies. Epoxy can also be applied to any other seam portions of the first and second fairing bodies. If vents, eg vents 144 and 146, are included, care must be taken to prevent blockage of the vents when applying the epoxy. With the epoxy applied, the first and second fairing bodies can be clamped together to cure the epoxy. The inlet nipple can be bonded to the fairing using the same epoxy after the first and second fairings are joined, or the inlet nipple can be epoxy mounted to one of the fairings before mounting the fairings together. The inlet nipple could also be sealed to a first plane frame and then the drain mast could be pushed over the inlet nipple. In the above manner, a drain mast is formed with the drain tube as an integral part of the airfoil. The inlet nipple can be removed and replaced without disassembling the fairing.
    [00030] A potential advantage of building the fairing airfoil with an integral drain tube is that the component of the airfoil width, e.g. the drain mast width as seen in Fig. 6, and the resulting drag can be reduced compared to conventional designs as the fairing wall is used as part of the drain pipe wall. In another aspect of this potential advantage, with an integral drain tube as disclosed herein, no tube in the fairing wall clearance is required. An integral drain tube also provides the potential advantages of lower parts count and lower manufacturing cost.
    [00031] Although shown and described in the exemplary context of aircraft drains, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that drain masts in accordance with this disclosure can be used in any other suitable application.
    [00032] The methods and systems of the present disclosure, as described above and shown in the drawings, provide drain masts with superior properties including ease of fabrication and repair, as well as the potential for reduced drag. While the apparatus and methods of the subject disclosure have been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that changes and/or modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject disclosure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    1. Drain mast, characterized in that it comprises: a first fairing body defining a first fairing wall and a first drain portion; and a second fairing body defining a second fairing wall and a second drain portion, wherein the first and second fairing bodies are joined together as a fairing with the first and second fairing walls as opposing outer fairing walls , and with the first and second drain portions joined to form a drain passage through the fairing from a drain passage inlet to a drain passage outlet, wherein the first drain portion includes a defined first drain channel by side walls extending from the first fairing wall, wherein the second drain portion includes a second drain channel defined by side walls extending from the second fairing wall, and wherein the first and second drain channels drain are joined together defining the drain passage between the first and second drain channels, where the opposing outer fairing walls define an airfoil from a leading edge of the fairing to a fairing trailing edge, where opposite outer fairing walls are joined together at a seam along the leading and trailing edges of the fairing.
    [0002]
    2. Drain mast according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an inlet nipple connected in fluid communication with the inlet of the drain passage.
    [0003]
    3. Drain mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the first fairing body includes a first mounting flange portion, wherein the second fairing body includes a second mounting flange portion and wherein the first and second mounting flange portions are joined together as a mounting flange surrounding the inlet of the drain passage to mount the fairing to an aircraft.
    [0004]
    4. Drain mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second fairing bodies are symmetrical across a plane defined by a seam where the first and second fairing bodies are joined together.
    [0005]
    5. Drain mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second fairing bodies are non-metallic and are joined together by an adhesive.
    [0006]
    6. Drain mast, according to claim 5, characterized in that the first and second fairing bodies are made of fiberglass and in which the adhesive is an epoxy.
    [0007]
    7. Drain mast according to claim 1, characterized in that the fairing defines opposite leading and trailing edges, wherein a first void is defined within the fairing between the drain passage and the leading edge, and where a second void is defined within the fairing between the drain passage and the trailing edge.
    [0008]
    8. Drain mast according to claim 7, characterized in that the first void is in fluid communication with a space external to the fairing through a ventilation defined in the fairing.
    [0009]
    9. Drain mast according to claim 7, characterized in that the second void is in fluid communication with a space external to the fairing through a ventilation defined in the fairing.
    [0010]
    A drain mast according to claim 1, characterized in that a portion of the first fairing body includes a groove, and wherein a portion of the second fairing body includes a tongue engaged with the groove of the first fairing body. .
    [0011]
    11. Method for making a drain mast, characterized in that it comprises: joining a first fairing body to a second fairing body to form a fairing, wherein the first drain body defines a first fairing wall and a first fairing drain portion including a first drain channel defined by side walls extending from the first fairing wall, wherein the second fairing body defines a second fairing wall and a second drain portion including a drain channel defined by side walls if extending from the second fairing wall, wherein the first and second fairing walls form opposite outer fairing walls, wherein the first and second drain portions form a drain passage through the fairing from a drain passage inlet to a drain passage outlet, and wherein the opposing outer fairing walls define an airfoil from a leading edge of the fairing to an edge of f fairing gap, in which opposing outer fairing walls are joined together at a seam along the leading and trailing edges of the fairing.
    [0012]
    12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that it further comprises an inlet nipple for the fairing in fluid communication with the inlet of the drain passage.
    [0013]
    A method according to claim 11, characterized in that joining the first fairing body to the second fairing body includes applying an adhesive to at least one of the first and second drain portions, and adhering the first and the second to the second fairing body. second fairing bodies together with the adhesive.
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    同族专利:
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    US9315253B2|2016-04-19|
    EP2853482B1|2019-09-11|
    JP2015096410A|2015-05-21|
    CA2862539A1|2015-03-18|
    BR102014023089A2|2016-04-26|
    CA2862539C|2021-03-23|
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    法律状态:
    2016-04-26| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-11-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-04-14| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-11-03| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2022-01-11| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 17/09/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201361879449P| true| 2013-09-18|2013-09-18|
    US61/879449|2013-09-18|
    US14/178463|2014-02-12|
    US14/178,463|US9315253B2|2013-09-18|2014-02-12|Drain masts|
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